Programming

The question "OOP or functional?" used to be treated like a tribal feud. Today's modern languages support both, and real-world code mixes the two paradigms naturally. This article covers the origin of each paradigm, the…

Solving similar problems repeatedly produces similar shapes. As object orientation went mainstream in the 1990s, a book came out that named and organized those repeated shapes, and patterns became the shared language of…

The question "is this code fast?" has different answers depending on environment, hardware, and input. So computer science describes — as a function — how time (or memory) grows as input size grows. That notation is Big…

After variables and functions, data structures are the next topic you meet most often when starting out in programming. The simplicity and speed of code shifts dramatically depending on which container you choose for th…